LOUISVILLE, Ky. (BP) -- After addressing a large secular assembly on issues of moral controversy, I turned and faced a woman who urgently wanted to ask me a question: "Why won't the abortion issue just go away?"

I knew exactly what she was asking. I often meet abortion rights advocates who honestly thought that the national controversy over abortion would simply melt away within a few years of the Roe v. Wade decision legalizing abortion, handed down by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1973.

That was clearly the hope of the Supreme Court majority that signed onto the opinion written by Associate Justice Harry Blackmun. In a note he wrote to himself as he drafted the final opinion and looked to its aftermath, Blackmun revealed a rather optimistic assumption: "It will be an unsettled period for a while."

Surely, he didn't mean for that "while" to extend four decades.

Tuesday (Jan. 22) marked the 40th anniversary of the decision, and the abortion question is anything but settled. Just look at the crowds gathering in Washington this week for the annual March for Life.

In fact, America has been unsettled ever since Roe. Abortion has become a central issue of political conflict, debate and division. If the court had hoped to calm the waters, it failed spectacularly.

As Guido Calabresi, then dean of the Yale Law School, observed, the aftermath of Roe v. Wade produced a "sense of desperate embattlement." As Calabresi noted, the court's decision failed to produce a national consensus. Rather, Roe "made it impossible for the opposing views to live with each other."

Those who thought that the decision of the Supreme Court would settle the issue had reason for that hope. On other controversial questions, the court's rulings had produced initial furor and outrage, but the nation rather quickly accommodated itself to those decisions. Take integration in public schools.

Not so with abortion.

Why? Professor Lawrence H. Tribe of the Harvard Law School, an ardent defender of abortion rights, recognized that the abortion question presents nothing less than a "clash of absolutes."

Tribe attempted to propose a means of avoiding "pitting these absolutes against one another." All such efforts have failed, precisely because the competing claims are indeed absolutes.

When abortion-rights advocates ask why the abortion issue will not just go away, they really mean to ask why, given the stark reality of Roe, the pro-life movement has not dissipated and retreated into the history books.

Here are five reasons why:

First, the radical character of Roe -- overthrowing abortion laws in 49 states -- galvanized pro-life forces. The judicial imposition of abortion on demand, virtually without restriction through the third trimester, produced both shock and outrage among those who believe that the unborn child has an inalienable right to life.

Within months of Roe, an organized pro-life movement came into shape, looking for any means of limiting and eventually ending the termination of unborn life.

Second, Roe also had the effect, surely unforeseen by the Supreme Court, of bringing millions of evangelical Christians into the fight on behalf of the unborn. Prior to Roe, even many evangelicals believed that abortion was a Roman Catholic issue.

Roe was a legal earthquake that awakened a massive number of evangelicals to the deadly reality of abortion. With remarkable speed, evangelicals soon educated themselves on the issue and then mobilized themselves both politically and culturally. Continued...